Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42
The Great Barrier Reef is alrealy in a critical state. Rising sea temperatures are killing corals faster than they can recover. As temperatures continue to increase, more and more of the reef will die, along with the rich variety of life and the AUS$$$$6 billion tourism industry that depend on it. The heating of the planet will push many struggling species over the brink. Some will just have no place left to go. For biodiversity, climate change is, in military jargon, a threat multiplier. Worse still, measures to limit warming often don’t take biodiversity into account. Some, such as the push for biofuels, directly harm it.
The world has warmed around 1˚C since pre-industrial times. That is already having a dramatic effect on wildlife. In the Arctic, for example, the loss of more and more sea ice each summer is affecting many animals, from walruses to polar bears. Polar inhabitants have nowhere colder to go, but many creatures elsewhere are already moving to stay in their comfort zone. Some marine species, including mammals, birds, fish and plankton, have shifted their ranges by hundreds of kilometres. Rising sea levels, meanwhile, could wipe out species as low-lying islands are inundated. Mainland species are also at risk, such as the few hundred Bengal tigers in the Sundarbans, a network of mangrove forests along the coast of Bangladesh and north-east India. The effects of habitat destruction and rising water levels mean there will probably be no suitable habitat left there for these tigers by 2070.
Some threats to biodiversity can’t be forecast with any certainty. For instance, people forced from their homes by disasters or conflict can have a severe impact on biodiversity in the places they flee to, rapidly deforesting vast areas and greatly reducing wildlife populations. Floods and storms displaced 15 million people in 2018 alone, and these numbers will rise as extreme weather keeps on getting more extreme.
For all these reasons, there is growing awareness that climate change and biodiversity are inextricably linked, and that we need joined-up policies to tackle both. Many initiatives and studies around the world show that we can protect biodiversity and tackle climate change while offering a better and fairer future for people.
(Adapted from newscientist.com)
Question 36. Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Concerns over the Great Barrier Reef. B. How to tackle global warming.
C. The future of the animal kingdom. D. The connection between climate change and biodiversity.
Question 37. The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to _______
A. biodiversity B. climate change C. jargon D. multiplier
Question 38. According to paragraphs 2, which of the following is mentioned regarding climate change?
A. There are less walruses and polar bears today than there were in the past.
B. Some marine species have had to make modifications to their living arrangements.
C. There are less than 100 Bengal Tigers roaming the planet today.
D. The effects of habitat destruction may lead to the extinction of all animals.
Question 39. The word “inundated” in paragraph 2 mostly means _______
A. discharged B. ignited C. induced D. flooded
Question 40. The word “inextricably” in paragraph 4 mostly means _______
A. inseparably B. potentially C. adversely D. partially
Question 41. Which of the following is true, according to the passage?
A. In 2018, 15 million people were killed through floods and storms.
B. Tigers will certainly die out by 2070 due to their habitat loss.
C. Some specices verge on extinction as a result of the warmer weather.
D. Mainland species are not challenged by rising water levels.
Question 42. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. All of the threats to biodiversity can easily be anticipated.
B. Climate change can also have an adverse impact on those working in military forces.
C. Those migrating to other countries due to natural disasters may negatively impact the wildlife.
D. Humans cannot both address climate change and save their lives simultaneously.
