maigiakiet0987 2/22/2025 8:10:41 AM

Cities develop as a result of functions that they can perform. Some functions result directly from the ingenuity of the citizenry, but most functions result from the needs of the local area and of the surrounding hinterland (the region that supplies goods to the city and to which the city furnishes services and other goods). Geographers often make a distinction between the situation and the site of a city. Situation refers to the general position in relation to the surrounding region, whereas site involves physical characteristics of the specific location. Situation is normally much more important to the continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is continuing prosperity of a city. If a city is well situated in regard to its hinterland, its development is much more likely to continue. Chicago, for example, possesses an almost unparalleled situation: it is located at the southern end of a huge lake that forces east-west transportation lines to be compressed into its vicinity, and at a meeting of significant land and water transport routes. It also overlooks what is one of the world’s finest large farming regions. These factors ensured that Chicago would become a great city regardless of the disadvantageous characteristics of the available site, such as being prone to flooding during thunderstorm activity.

Similarly, it can be argued that much of New York City’s importance stems from its early and continuing advantage of situation. Philadelphia and Boston both originated at about the same time as New York and shared New York’s location at the western end of one of the world’s most important oceanic trade routes, but only New York possesses an easy-access functional connection (the Hudson- Mohawk Lowland) to the vast Midwestern Hinterland. This account does not alone explain New York’s primacy, but it does include several important factors. Among the many aspects of situation that help to explain why some cities grow and others do not, original location on a navigable waterway seems particularly applicable. Of course, such characteristics as slope, drainage, power resources, river crossings, coastal shapes, and other physical characteristics help to determine city location, but such factors are normally more significant in early stages of city development than later.

Câu 641:

What is the topic of the passage?

        A. Historical differences among three large United States cities.

        B. The development of trade routes through United States cities.

        C. Contrasts in settlement patterns in United States.

        D. The importance of geographical situation in the growth of United States cities.

Câu 642:

Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Chicago’s location?

        A. hinterland                B. nearness to a large lake

        C. position in regard to transport routes        D. flat terrain

Câu 643:

What does the word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?

        A. hinterland        B. primacy        C. account        D. connection

Câu 644:

According to the passage, Philadelphia and Boston are similar to New York City in ______.

        A. size of population                    B. age

        C. availability of rail transportation             D. site

Câu 645:

Which of the following does the author probably support?

A. While physical characteristics play a role in determining where a city is built, other factors become more influential over time as the city develops.

B. Throughout the history of city development, physical characteristics are the only factors that determine city location.

C. There are many other factors such as social, economic, or political that initially affect city’s growth.

D. Physical characteristics are always the most important factors in determining city development.

Câu 646:

Choose A, B, C or D to answer each question.

You are in a new fitness class with people you don't know. The instructor asks for volunteers to demonstrate a move. You want to participate but are shy. What can you say?

        A. You’re making wrong moves. Let me show you.

        B. Can someone else do it first?

        C. I’d like to try, but I’m not sure if I can do it right.

        D. Gimme a try!

Câu 647:

Choose A, B, C or D to answer each question.

You are at a family gathering and a lively discussion about politics is taking place. You have different opinions but want to share your perspective. What can you say to join the conversation?

        A. I have a different point of view on that.

        B. You’re all wrong. Politics shouldn’t be discussed here.

        C. That seems boring. I don’t know much about politics.

        D. Let’s change the topic. I have no idea about politics.

Câu 648:

Choose A, B, C or D to answer each question.

The members of a city council wanted to assess the opinions of all city residents about converting an open field into a dog park. The council surveyed a sample of 500 city residents who own dogs. The survey showed that the majority of those sampled were in favor of the dog park. Which of the following is true about the city council’s survey?

        A. It shows that the majority of city residents are in favor of the dog park.

        B. The survey sample should have included more residents who are dog owners.

        C. The survey sample should have consisted entirely of residents who do not own dogs.

        D. The survey sample is biased because it is not representative of all city residents.

Câu 649:

Choose A, B, C or D to answer each question.

A study was done on the weights of different types of fish in a pond. A random sample of fish were caught and marked in order to ensure that none were weighed more than once. The sample contained 150 largemouth bass, of which 30% weighed more than 2 pounds. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the sample data?

        A. The majority of all fish in the pond weigh less than 2 pounds.

        B. The average weight of all fish in the pond is approximately 2 pounds.

        C. Approximately 30% of all fish in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

        D. Approximately 30% of all largemouth bass in the pond weigh more than 2 pounds.

Câu 650:

Choose A, B, C or D to answer each question.

Which of the following situations best exemplifies “caution” where someone takes care in order to avoid danger or mistakes?

Which of the following situations best exemplifies “caution” where someone takes care in order to avoid danger or mistakes?

A. James misses the deadlines which he is assigned to complete in 2 days. He apologizes and assures me that he will fulfill the task as soon as possible.

B. James takes on the role of team leader in a new project. He makes a plan, conducts thorough research, and assigns tasks to team members before running the project.

        C. James refuses to undertake new tasks because he will take a holiday.

D. James joins a new project team to work with many experts from other companies. He tries his best to cooperate with them but nobody cares about him.

 

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